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UNDERSTANDING THE BASICS OF PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY
Public key cryptography, or asymmetric cryptography, is an encryption method that makes use of advanced mathematics to produce a set of public and private keys. As an essential component of modern cryptosystems, applications and protocols,...
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COSTLY VAT MISTAKES
A value-added tax (VAT) is a consumption tax that taxes the value added by business operators at each point in the value chain. VAT exists in over 165 countries in the world and currently raises about...
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RAISING FUNDS THROUGH CROWDFUNDING: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
Crowdfunding is the practice of raising finance through a large number of persons who individually contribute relatively small amounts of money to support a business venture, or projects across various fields. Typically carried out through internet...
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MANAGING CYBERSECURITY RISKS
Organized crime has now moved into the digital age. It is forecast that the global cost of cybercrime may reach as much as USD 6 trillion annually by 2021. Cybercrime costs include the destruction or...
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KENYA AT A GLANCE
Kenya is the largest and most developed economy in the East African region. Its nominal GDP stood at USD 89.6bn in 2018, 3rd in sub-Saharan Africa. Kenya’s strategic location, rapidly improving infrastructure, and membership of regional economic...
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MANAGING PERMANENT ESTABLISHMENT RISKS
Permanent establishment (PE) is one of the core principles used by a jurisdiction in order to determine whether a business has sufficient activity on its territory to create a taxable presence. With the substantial number of businesses trading...
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